Crontab in aix, concepts and commands in aix?

Crontab in aix, concepts and commands in aix?

v  Deamon - cron

v  Started by - /etc/inittab

v  startup entry - cron:2:respawn:/usr/sbin/cron (or)  cron:2:respawn:/etc/cron

v  file - crontab

v  file location - /var/spool/cron/crontabs/crontab

v  log - /var/adm/cron/log  (error messages about crontab is recorded here)

v  How to list - crontab -l

v  How to edit - crontab -e

v  How to remove - crontab -r

v  Allow - /var/adm/cron/log/cron.allow  (If the file exists, user id must be in the file before it can run cron jobs)

v  Deny - /var/adm/cron/log/cron.deny (If the user is not denied the user may submit the cron jobs)

v  process -  ps -eaf|grep -i cron

v  A crontab entry consists of six fields:

* * * * * Command

The minute (0 through 59)

The hour (0 through 23)

The day of the month (1 through 31)

The month of the year (1 through 12)

The day of the week (0 through 6 for Sunday through Saturday)

The command to run

Disk is in Removed state in aix, How to fix it?

Disk is in Removed state in aix, How to fix it?

I have faced the below issue.

"lspv" output shows that the disk is in available state however

"lsvg -p datavg" output shows that the disk is in "Removed" state in the lpar.  (disk is virutal disk)

# lspv

hdisk0   0000000012345678 rootvg   active

hdisk1   10000BC987654321 datavg   active

hdisk2   10000CD999654321 datavg   active

# lsvg -p vgname

datavg:

PV_NAME           PV STATE               TOTAL PPs   FREE PPs    FREE DISTRIBUTION

hdisk1                   active                          646         486                 130..00..98..129..129

hdisk2                   removed                     646         486                 130..00..98..129..129  

#

Executed the below commands to fix the issue.

# varyonvg datavg   (It didn't helpful as it saying unable to sync the logical volumes)

# chpv -va hdisk1    ( This brought the disk into available state)

# syncvg -v datavg   (Confirmed that all the logical volumes and FS are in open/sync state)

How to restore a single file in aix?

How to restore a single file in aix?

If we want to restore a file named healthcheck.ksh from mksysb use the below.

Checking the healthcheck.ksh file existing in the mksysb image.

         

          restore -T -q -l -f /backup/uktest.mksysb | grep healthcheck.ksh

It will list out the detailed output and at the end it will display the file which we need to recover

-rwxr-xr-x- 10   staff  May 30  11:54  267 ./home/unixsa/healthcheck.ksh

Restore the particular file healthcheck.ksh using,

          restore -x -q -f /backup/uktest.mksysb ./home/unixsa/healthcheck.ksh

Please note that (.) is important before the file name

cd ./home/unixsa

ls -la healthcheck.ksh

-rwxr-xr-x- 10   staff  May 30  11:54  267 ./home/unixsa/healthcheck.ksh

======================================================================

Another method:

---------------------

#lsmksysb -lf /backup/uktest.mksysb

# restorevgfiles -f /backup/uktest.mksysb ./home/unixsa/healthcheck.ksh

New volume on uktest.mksysb

Cluster size is 51200 bytes (100 blocks).

The volume number is 1.

The backup date is: Tue May 30 11:54:18 GMT+01:00 2017

Files are backed up by name.

The user is root.

x            267 ./home/unixsa/healthcheck.ksh

The total size is 267 bytes.

The number of restored files is 1.

# ls -la */*

-rw-r--r--    1 root     system            6 Feb 17 11:16 ./home/unixsa/healthcheck.ksh

How to perform OS migration from 6.1 to 7.1 using CD in aix?

How to perform OS migration from 6.1 to 7.1 using CD in aix?

Please find the below steps for migration installation:

 # lsvg -p rootvg  à Check for mirrored Eg: hdisk0 and hdisk1

 # umirrorvg rootvg   à Breaking the mirrorr

 # chpv -c hdisk1  à  Clearing the boot image on hdisk1

 # alt_disk_copy -d hdisk1    à Cloning of rootvg on hdisk1

 # bosboot -ad /dev/hdisk1    à Creating a boot image on hdisk1

 # ipl_varyon -i    à Check the disk bootable or not

 # cfgmgr   à Detect the 6.1 Migration CD

 # lsdev | grep cd0

 # ipl_varyon -i   à Check the cd  and the disk bootable or not

 # bootlist -m  -normal -o cd0 hdisk1 hdisk0   à Changing the boot list to boot from 6.1 OS  CD */

 # shutdown -Fr    à Fast Re-boot

Migration:

========

** Once the Server Boots it would show the below message,**

1 = SMS menu                          5 = Default bootlist

8 = Open Firmware                  6 = Stored bootlist

** Ignore the above message and installation proceeds to the next page,

Starting Software

Please wait

** Next Screen,

Please define the System Console

Type a 1 and press Enter to use this terminal as the system console

** Type 1 and press enter,

1. Type 1 and press Enter to have English during install

>>>choice[1]

** Again Type 1 and press enter,

Welcome to Base Operating System Installation and Maintenance

Type the number of your choice and press Enter. Choice is indicated by >>>

>>>1. Start Install now with Default Settings

   2. Change/show Installation Settings and Install

   3. Start Maintenance Mode for System Recovery

   4. Configure Network Disks (iSCSI)

   88 Help?

   99 Previous Menu

   Choice[1]: 2

**Type 2 and press enter to change the installation settings,

Installation and Settings

Either type 0 and press Enter to install with current settings

or type the number of the setting you want to change and press Enter

1. System Settings:

   Method of Installation ......................Migration

   Disk where you want to Install ..............hdisk0   

2. Primary Language Environment settings (AFTER Install):

   Cultural Conventions ........................English (United States)

   Language ....................................English (United States)

   Keyboard ....................................English (United States)

   Keyboard Type ...............................Default

3. Security Model...............................Default

4. More Options (Software install options)

>>> 0 Install with the current settings listed above

88 Help?

99 Previous Menu

>>> Choice[0]:

** Change the method of installation to "Migration"

Ensure that the "Disk where you want to Install" is set to the correct disk : hdisk0

Change the "Cultural Conventions", "Language" and "Keyboard" to your prefered location

** Type 4 and press enter for "More Options (Software install options)"

Install Options

1. Enable System Backup to install any system....Yes

2. Import User Volume Groups.....................Yes

3. Remove Java 1.1.8 Software....................No

>>> 0 Install with the current settings listed above

88 Help?

99 Previous Menu

>>> Choice[0]:

** Check the values for the fields are as listed above and then press enter to accept the default value of 0 "Install with the current settings listed above

Migration Installation Summary

Disks: hdisk0

Cultural Convention: en_GB

Language: en_US

Keyboard: en_GB

Import User Volume Groups: Yes

Enable System Backup to install any system: Yes

Remove Java 1.1.8 Software: No

>>> 1 Continue with Install

88 Help?

99 Previous Menu

>>> Choice[1]:

** Check the fields if all the values as correct then press enter to accept the default value 1 "Continue with Install"

Migration menu preparation

Please wait

Approximate                            Elapsed time

% task complete                                   (in minutes)

** Next Screen,

Migration Confirmation

Either type 0 and press Enter to continue the installation

or type the number of your choice and press Enter

1. List the saved Base System Configuration files which will not be merged into the system

   These files are saved in /tmp/bos

2. List the filesets which will be removed and not replaced

3. List directories which will have all current contents removed

4. Reboot without migrating

Acceptance of license agreements is required before using system.

You will be prompted to accept after the system reboots

>>> 0 Continue with the migration

WARNING: Selected files, directories and filesets (installable options)

from the Base System will be removed.

Choose 2 or 3 for more information

88 Help?

99 Previous Menu

>>> Choice[0]:

Have a look at each menu option then type 0 and press enter to "Continue with the migration"

Saving system configuration files in /tmp/bos

Removing obsolete filesets, directories and files

Installing Base Operating System

Please wait

Approximate                            Elapsed time

% task complete                                   (in minutes)

** The installation should continue and finish and present a login screen and check the oslevel.

# oslevel -s

**Change the bootlist. 

#bootlist -m normal hdisk0

NIM server and client configuration in AIX?

NIM server and client configuration in AIX?

NIM SERVER PRE-REQUISITE

========================

The below filesets required to setup NIM server and Client. We could check using      

#lslpp –l |grep nim.

bos.sysmgt.nim.master

bos.sysmgt.nim.spot

NIM SERVER INSTALLATION

========================

We could install using below commands

installp -agXd /mnt/nimpkg/bos.sysmgt.nim.master

installp -agXd /mnt/nimpkg/bos.sysmgt.nim.spot

lslpp -l |grep nim - To display the nim.spot and nim.master file sets

ls -l /etc/niminfo  -> The /etc/niminfo file created as part of the installation

The above installation creates the /etc/niminfo  file and the below deamons.

nimd and nimesis – daemon will get started, if it is not started, restart the inetd

startsrc –g inetd

startsrc –s nimd

startsrc -s nimesis

LPP_SOURCE

Lpp_source: This is having the content of aix in the CD for the aix installation

cd /export/install/nim/lpp_source

mkdir 6101LPP

smitty nim -> Perform NIM Adinistration Task -> Manage Resources -> Define a Resource

select lpp_source as resource type and enter

Fill it up the below mandatory field.

resource name                [61TL07]

resource type                 lpp_source

server of resource [master]

location of resource       [/export/install/nim/lpp_source/6101LPP]

source of install images [/cdrom]

Press enter, lpp_source will be created.

Commands to check

lsnim –l  <LPP_SOURCE NAME> detailed view

lsnim –c <lpp_name>

SPOT

Spot: This is used for aix installation which is created for each lpp_source

smitty nim ->  Perform NIM Adinistration Task ->  Manage Resources ->  Define a Resource

select spot as a resource type and enter

resource name                [spot_61TL07]

resource type                 spot

server of resource [master]

source of install images [61TL07_lpp]

location of resource       [/export/install/nim/spot]

Commands to check:

lsnim –l  <SPOTR NAME> detailed view

lsnim –c <sopt_name>

NIM CLIENT CONFIGURATION

==========================

 Nim master's /etc/hosts client IP and HOSTNAME and obviously client server supppose to be in DNS.

For NIM Client:

Required fileset: bos.sysmgt.nim.client   (This fileset present on aix server defaultly)

smitty nim_mkmac

Enter the machine name and press enter to continue

Select the type of network as "ent = ethernet network" and enter

* NIM Machine Name [abc_testlpar]

* Machine Type [standalone]

* Hardware Platform Type [chrp] Make sure this is set to ‘chrp’

Kernel to use for Network Boot [mp]

* Cable Type bnc/tp

* NIM Network master_net/enX

* Host Name abc_testlpar

 Press enter to continue

Commands to check

lsnim|grep -i abc_testlpar

lsnim -l abc_testlpar

How to check the apar installed in aix?

How to check the particular apar is installed in aix?

Many times we are in the position to check or install the specific apar in aix.

Below is the way to check whether the particular apar is already installed or not.

Example: APAR IZ97457

syntax: #instfix -ik <apar_name>

#instfix -ik IZ97457

All filesets for IZ97457 were found.

The above output shows that the APAR IZ97457 is already installed on the server.

Suppose if the apar is not installed on the server then we have to get the apar first and then installed it.

To list of fixes/apar that are on a directory or CD, then we can use the following:

# instfix -Td <directory>     (or)   # instfix -Td /dev/cd0

once you find out then installed the fix with the below command

# instfix -k <fix> -d <directory>

# instfix -k IZ97457 -d /export/filesets      (or) use # smitty update_by_fix